ATHEROMA: causes, effects, and complications.

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PATTHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN ATHEROMA Atheromatous plaques are patchy changes that develop in the tunica intima of large and medium-sized arteries. They consist of accumulations of cholesterol and other lipid compounds, excess smooth muscle, and fat-filled monocytes (foam cells). The plaque is covered with a fibrous cap.

FPlaques may become calcified, making the artery brittle, rigid and unresponsive to rises in blood pressure. They may rupture, causing hemorrhage.

 Atherosclerosis is considered a disease of older people because it is usually in these age groups that clinical signs appear. However, plaques start to form in childhood in developed countries.xt

 Atheromatous plaques may cause partial or complete obstruction of an artery. The blockage may be complicated by clot informationtext

 When the arterial wall is weakened by the spread of the plaque between the layers of tissue, a local dilation (aneurysm) may develop. This may lead to thrombosis and embolism, and embolism or the aneurysm may rupture causing severe hemorrhage.

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